100 books like Material World

The first three books on my list concentrate on building form and space, with little about function.

The ‘pattern language’ is different, mapping human activities onto appropriate built forms, and advocating repeated patterns that have been found to work.

Christopher Alexander wants us to use the patterns in designing responses to situations, but they also help to judge how well-built spaces fit their contexts in analysing architecture.

Although Alexander maps activities onto his own preferred design style, the patterns are not inherently specific to any style or period of architecture.

Despite being written 50 years ago, this one-of-a-kind book is still fresh and relevant.

Ascher takes us on a delightful tour of  New York City, teaching us about the inner workings of one of the world’s most complex cities. In doing so, she gives us clues as to how our own cities work. Using words, statistics, history, and illustrations, Ascher makes the complex seem simple, From sewage to stoplights to subways she leaves no stone unturned. Fact to ponder: For years NYC shipped its garbage to a landfill in Texas, nearly 2,000 miles away.

Read away, but the best way to understand cities is to go out and see them for yourself! This fun-to-read book is an excellent ‘travel guide’ for seeing all the different elements of cities that surround us on our everyday walks. From bollards and street lamps to entire street grids, cellphone systems, and even the names of the places we live and visit—all these parts and dimensions of our cities are the result of conscious decisions and debates. The authors vividly describe the back story of many urban objects and systems we often just take for granted, and they provide a plethora of great illustrations to show you what they mean. Trust me, after reading this book you’ll never see cities the same way.

Home discusses the complex series of factors that have generated the house as we understand it today. The chapters can be read independently as discussions on, for example, the evolution of comfort or the organisation of the different spaces. However, the book also builds into a fascinating argument for revisiting some of the pre-modern ideas of communal living, shared spaces, and live-work relationships. 

Concrete is the second most-consumed substance in the world after water.

But modern concrete has an endurance problem: today's steel-reinforced material suffers from "concrete cancer," which will cause widespread degradation. By comparison, non-steel-reinforced Roman concrete structures, such as the Ponte Sant'Angelo or the Pantheon, will long outlast our modern bridges, highways, and towers.

Robert Courland's book is full of such eye-opening insights that will forever change how readers think about this omnipresent material.

Measuring environmental impact typically involves inscrutable measures like equivalent carbon emissions.

The Ecological Footprint method, devised by Wackernagel and Rees at the University of British Columbia, employs a much more palpable calculation of resource utilization and emissions: land. By demonstrating how the flows of global energy, materials, and waste can be converted into land-area equivalents, the authors make environmental impact tangible.

The book clearly articulates the most essential sustainability metric there is: one-Earth living.

Lo-TEK is an abbreviation for Traditional Ecological Knowledge, something contemporary societies lack.

Today, sustainable design strategies often employ complex technological approaches—such as double-glazed facades with automated shading devices. And yet such methods are typically energy- and material-intensive.

For millennia before industrialization, indigenous societies developed sophisticated material practices based on multigenerational wisdom about local ecosystems and climate. In this book, the author investigates remarkable indigenous approaches in 18 countries that are still practiced today. The living root bridges in Northern India are not to be missed.

A visit to the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, is on most architects' bucket lists.

The virologist Jonas Salk, who commissioned architect Louis Kahn to design the significant project, is best known for developing one of the first successful polio vaccines. Less familiar is this remarkable book, which Salk wrote with his son Jonathan, that explores the future of human societies.

By applying scientific principles about how organisms respond to resource limitations, the authors project the significant resource challenges and opportunities that await future human generations. The book looks beyond the population explosion to explore its mysterious aftermath. Indeed, the transition is already underway.

The Will to Improve is most celebrated for its explanation of ‘rendering technical’: the ways complex, political factors contributing to poverty are reduced to those amenable to technical intervention.

But I have found Tania Li’s concept of ‘trustee’ the most useful in my work on local development actors: understanding how they come to take on the role of trustee, their desire to ‘improve’ others, and the prickly subjects that resist their efforts.

Li traces the ‘will to improve’ through 200 years of Indonesian history, but it is most powerfully elucidated through her rich ethnographic description from the province of Sulawesi.

Her analysis weaves together Marx, Foucault, and Gramsci, showing how theory can illuminate description. It is a masterclass in storytelling and the power of theory. 

I found this book to be a brilliant analysis of how nations can achieve peace and development, stressing the importance of political institutions.

With mathematical precision, quite literally, the book nicely illustrates the fundamental drivers of development: inclusive political institutions and a shared belief in the common good. The absence of those elements can explain the existence of very different development clusters in fragile states that are troubled by poverty, violence, and weak state capacity.

I feel the book does an excellent job of disentangling deeper causes from symptoms of underdevelopment.