100 books like Probably Approximately Correct

Remember How to Lie With Statistics? Here is: How to abuse big data. And how to stop the abuse.

O’Neil is a good corrective for my own habit of seeing all sides. A former math professor and quant, she is harsh on AI because it systematically punishes the vulnerable and impoverished – and because companies resist change and manipulate the laws to keep their profits.

“Right now, the burden of proof is on us,” she told Juliette and me in an interview, “to prove that these algorithms harm us. I want that burden to be on the companies who profit from using them.” Weapons of Math Destruction argues that we can and should hold the perpetrators – including some of the world’s biggest tech companies – accountable. 

A graphic novel about Ada Lovelace, Charles Babbage, and their quixotic Victorian escapades designing computers and algorithms nearly a century before their time? As fascinating as that may already sound, it’s only the beginning. This is the only graphic novel I’ve read that has footnotes to the footnotes—immensely amusing footnotes. While reading this book, I feel constantly in the presence of insane genius. (But please read this book on physical paper. It is a work of art.)

I always find myself applying algorithmic thinking in my everyday life—it affects the way I put away dishes, navigate to the store, and organize my to-do lists. And I think others could benefit from that mindset.

So, when I read this book, my reaction was "Yes! That's what I want people to know. I just wish I could have said it that well!" The authors (who I know, but didn't know they wrote a book together), did a fantastic job of selecting algorithms with deep human connections. Really! And they explain them just right, without getting too mathematical but while still hitting the key ideas with clarity and accuracy. Fantastic!

The most important unanswered question in computer science has a huge public relations problem. Back in the 1970s, this question became known as “P=NP?”—and who could write an exciting book about that? Luckily for us, Lance Fortnow can. As one of the world’s foremost experts on P-vs-NP, he takes us on a wild and truly accessible ride through the most important question about computing. I’ve seen many attempts at making “P=NP?” accessible/understandable/intriguing for non-experts. But Fortnow nails it like nobody else, reformulating P-vs-NP as a search for one of the golden tickets in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. (Which is another one of my favorite books, even though it’s not going to make it onto this list about algorithms.)

Trading Systems is an encyclopedia of all the technical ideas ever devised and the trading methods associated with the technical ideas and how those methods can be used to manage risk. Like any encyclopedia, this book has far more information and insight than you can possibly absorb in a single sitting—or 50. Kaufman presents thorny math subjects with the math (if you can stomach it) and also in prose for those of us less-gifted. When I read some headline or assertion about a market that strikes me as absurd, I head straight for Kaufman to find out what he says about it. This usually ends in a reference to another author who has studied the topic in deep detail—Kaufman names just about every chart guru that ever developed anything worth knowing. I also consult Kaufman when I think I see something on a chart and want to know what it… show more.

I appreciated how this book took on the challenge of applying advanced mathematical modeling and simulation techniques to gain new insights into the social evolution of norms and institutions in societies, which is a critical topic in many fields, including conflict and peace economics.

I learned much from the book’s coverage of selected conflict and peace topics such as riots, revolutions, the 2010 Arab Spring movement, and the social evolution of cooperation. I especially like how the mathematical models in the book are described intuitively using wonderfully imaginative diagrams.

In this way, both the mathematically and non-mathematically inclined can come away with a richer understanding of human behavior in dynamically changing social systems.

Full disclosure: Anne is a dear friend and was an MFA workshop-mate of mine.

But even if she wasn’t, I’m confident this would still be one of my favorite collections. There is so much magic in Valente’s writing, in the gorgeous prose but also in the content of the stories: ghosts, pink dolphins, tiny librarians, Northern Lights.

Much of the magic is not supernatural, but just the magic of the natural world, and Valente is a master of place; I’ve always admired her use of setting. Many of the stories deal with loss, grief, and pain, but the magic acts as a way to transcend these things, which is what I aim to do in my stories as well.

Melvin Konner is an anthropologist who joined the sociobiology revolution of the 1970s.  Like Barash, his style is sheer pleasure. He ranges from biology and psychology to research on hormones.  And his tales, his evidence, are fascinating beyond belief. They are derived from research on primitive tribes like the !Kung San In southern Africa, whose way of life sheds new light on the things you and I do every day.

There is an equally strong tradition of reading Thucydides not as a historian, just interested in past events as an end in itself, but as a kind of political theorist who wanted to his work to be useful, as a guide to ‘the human thing’. Sometimes this produces incredibly crude readings of his work, such as the idea that Thucydides was a Realist who preached the power of the strong over the weak (actually those are ideas associated with people in his book), but there have been many powerful interpretations by political theorists who have deep knowledge of the text and relevant scholarship, and who can use this to explore contemporary issues of power, justice, and human motivation. I find Orwin’s account rich and thought-provoking, clearly the product of vast experience and deliberation.

Explaining Humans engagingly begins, “It was five years into my life on Earth that I started to think I’d landed in the wrong place. I must have missed the stop.”

Part popular science, part memoir, part clarion call for neuroinclusion, Pang’s book is full of sophisticated and memorable observations about humans, neurodiversity, and Pang’s own neurodivergence.

I particularly enjoyed her comparison of the teamwork between human cells (neutral, effective, politics-free!) with that of typical human collaboration…and how much it made me realize that we can all substantially improve the latter at work to get the best out of each other and fulfill our collective potential.