The best collections of source-texts for delving into the history of modern Israel and the Arab-Israeli conflict

I was assigned this book in the first class I took that dealt with the Arab-Israeli conflict, and I found it to be a thought-provoking anthology of writings produced by Zionists, going back to rabbis and intellectuals of the mid-1800s and forward to Zionist activists, like David Ben-Gurion, in the 1950s. (One should perhaps be aware that Hertzberg published the original edition of this volume in 1959; it was reissued by JPS in 1997 with all the original source texts but with the addition of a reflective afterword by Hertzberg, who died in 2006.)

As a teacher, I appreciate that Hertzberg offers representative sections of longer texts, like those by Pinsker and Herzl. My personal favorites are Ahad Ha’am, the “agnostic rabbi” and critic of Herzl, and Judah Magnes, an American rabbi seeking to reconcile Zionism with Judaism's spiritual and ethical heritage.

I was excited to discover this book after teaching the history of Zionism for several years. What makes this anthology unusual is the inclusion of sources that illustrate the social and cultural history of the new Yishuv, the modern Jewish community of Palestine.

Of special interest are letters and diaries of women in the new Yishuv; these writings show the striking differences between the earliest, rather conservative colonists, and the young radicals of the Second Aliya (1904-1914). Other texts I have found most useful as an instructor analyze Zionist relations with the native Arab population, anticipating and explicating the impossibility of making Zionism acceptable to the Palestinian people.

This anthology is heavily weighted toward the political and diplomatic dimensions of the Arab-Israeli conflict. I find the point-counterpoint of debates between representatives of Arab and Israeli governments stimulating: whatever one’s natural inclination, one has to take into account how political realities appear to someone from a totally different perspective.

I have found it valuable as a resource because it focuses on the conflict between Israel and the Arabs/Palestinians after 1948. The book is a mine of political speeches, summit declarations, newspaper editorials, organizational manifestoes, interstate treaties, and assorted other texts related to wars, negotiations, and peacemaking between Israel and the Arabs.

I was excited to discover Dowty’s anthology because I appreciated his translation/publication of certain Hebrew texts from two early Zionists, i.e., Ahad Ha’am and Yitzhak Epstein. As indicated by the title, this volume, while representing Jewish and Arab voices going back to the 1800s, foregrounds the contradictory viewpoints of, specifically, Israelis and Palestinians and brings the story of the conflict of these two ethnonational groups down to about 2015.

Since my students are mostly political science majors, they are aware that a major debate at present is whether Israel/Palestine should be one state or two. The last section of the Dowty book contains texts that advocate for a "one-state solution" vs. others that propose a "two-state solution."

I own the Fifth Edition of this book, which was inscribed for me by the author, Charles Smith. This book is different from the four noted above because it is a detailed chronicle and critical analysis of the Arab/Palestinian conflict with Israel by a single author, the documents supplementing rather than constituting the text.

Among the books I know of that purport to be balanced and comprehensive studies of this subject, I think this one has the best claim to those descriptors. The book is in its tenth edition, so the author has obviously successfully presented the subject's history in a way that has gained a substantial and appreciative audience. One of its merits from an instructional standpoint is the inclusion of numerous maps, chronologies, photographs, and a glossary.

I like the fact that it has been continually updated. The transition of the PLO “from pariah to partner” in the Oslo Accords of 1993 is followed by a final chapter titled “Oslo Undone,” which supplies essential background to the current situation. The documents appended to the final chapter include provocative interviews with a Palestinian activist (Marwan Barghouti) and an Israeli politician (Ami Ayalon), who agree that only an end to the Israeli occupation and genuine Palestinian statehood hold any promise for a more peaceful future.