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Secret City: The Hidden History of Gay Washington Hardcover – May 31, 2022

4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 585 ratings

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The New York Times Bestseller
A New York Times Notable Book of 2022
Named one of Vanity Fair's “Best Books of 2022

“Not since Robert Caro’s
Years of Lyndon Johnson have I been so riveted by a work of history. Secret City is not gay history. It is American history.”
George Stephanopoulos

Washington, D.C., has always been a city of secrets. Few have been more dramatic than the ones revealed in James Kirchick’s
Secret City.

For decades, the specter of homosexuality haunted Washington. The mere suggestion that a person might be gay destroyed reputations, ended careers, and ruined lives. At the height of the Cold War, fear of homosexuality became intertwined with the growing threat of international communism, leading to a purge of gay men and lesbians from the federal government. In the fevered atmosphere of political Washington, the secret “too loathsome to mention” held enormous, terrifying power.

Utilizing thousands of pages of declassified documents, interviews with over one hundred people, and material unearthed from presidential libraries and archives around the country,
Secret City is a chronicle of American politics like no other. Beginning with the tragic story of Sumner Welles, Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s brilliant diplomatic advisor and the man at the center of “the greatest national scandal since the existence of the United States,” James Kirchick illuminates how homosexuality shaped each successive presidential administration through the end of the twentieth century.

Cultural and political anxiety over gay people sparked a decades-long witch hunt, impacting everything from the rivalry between the CIA and the FBI to the ascent of Joseph McCarthy, the struggle for Black civil rights, and the rise of the conservative movement. Among other revelations, Kirchick tells of the World War II–era gay spymaster who pioneered seduction as a tool of American espionage, the devoted aide whom Lyndon Johnson treated as a son yet abandoned once his homosexuality was discovered, and how allegations of a “homosexual ring” controlling Ronald Reagan nearly derailed his 1980 election victory.

Magisterial in scope and intimate in detail,
Secret City will forever transform our understanding of American history.

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From the Publisher

Secret City James Kirchick George Stephanolpoulos quote
Secret City James Kirchick

Editorial Reviews

Review

Secret City by James Kirchick, is a sprawling and enthralling history of how the gay subculture in Washington, D.C., long in shadow, emerged into the klieg lights...A luxurious, slow-rolling Cadillac of a book, not to be mastered in one sitting. As an epic of a dark age, complex and shaded, Secret City is rewarding in the extreme."
The New York Times

“I devoured Jamie Kirchick’s riveting
Secret City, a landmark that deserves companion histories for London, Paris and other capitals.”
Bret Stephens, The New York Times

“The truth most clearly revealed by Kirchick’s focus on Washington is one that queer historians have emphasized for years: that change was prompted not by those in the halls of power but by activists working well outside of them...So many of those whom Kirchick chronicles seem more compromised by their proximity to power than emboldened by it. That is also a part of the story of gay life in the United States, and
Kirchick tells it well.
The New Yorker

“James Kirchick has written the definitive book on the intersection of Washington politics and gay and lesbian history. Insightfully written, astutely reasoned, and exhaustively researched through scores of interviews, archives, long-lost articles, and declassified documents,
Secret City is an ingenious unicorn of scholarship.”
Vanity Fair

“A robust and meaningful history...Smartly written with a flexible aperture for capturing the big picture of a moment and narrowing in on the tiniest of details.”
―TIME

“Throughout
Secret City, Kirchick does a masterful job of conveying the flavor of homophobia in each historical era, while using impeccable research to vividly characterize the dozens of various individuals at play in these stories.”
―The Guardian

“The existence and influence of LGBTQ people in our nation’s capital is as long as it is invisible. [
Secret City] examines the unknown or barely known lives of gay people working and living in our nation’s capital, a city known for its mix of power and secrets...An example of the triumph of LGBTQ people in America.”
―NBC News

“With
Secret City…Kirchick will be catapulted into the ranks of those journalists whose work will be read for generations.”
New York Sun

“Kirchick’s
Secret City researches and illuminates just how homosexuality shaped presidential administrations in the 20th century.”
Parade

“...An 800-page tour de force, certainly the most comprehensive history of gay Washington ever written. It’s also more than that. Tracing the strand of how the capital’s big shots treated gays across the decades, Kirchick provides a compelling account of how the bloodless, brutal Washington power game has always worked.”
―Air Mail

Secret City is [an] overdue, groundbreaking and comprehensive book, and the best―by far―of any that has tackled this history of LGBTQ life and work in our nation’s capital.”
The Cipher Brief

“There's never been a book like
Secret City which documents over a half-century of the gay political and social scenes of the U.S. capital city...A sweeping, epic history of Gay D.C.”
―The Daily Beast

“An astonishingly good read…it is an amazing achievement.”
Dan Savage, from Savage Lovecast

“Incredibly rich and impressively thorough…
Secret City is a work of enduring scholarship that will be read for decades to come.”
―The Spectator World

Secret City flips a light switch on...the panoramic scope of Kirchick's narrative raises this LGBT history to an American story with national significance.”
―The Gay & Lesbian Review

“Kirchick refreshingly portrays the gay Washington underground as a parallel and central world to the seat of American power instead of merely a gay ghetto.
It is, in many ways, one of the most human works of history written this decade so far. Much like the gay community itself, the book contains people from every social class, color, personality, and profession, from disabled and impoverished veterans to the country's second most powerful diplomat....Never preachy, self-conscious, or boring, Secret City has raised the bar for the genre, portraying its subjects and their city in all its contradictions. I won't forget it.”
―Washington Examiner

“A meticulously researched, a vital, new addition to the historical record.
Secret City chronicles American history, proving that 'queer history' in the U.S., is really just 'history.'”
―The Advocate

“Engrossing, novelistic, and deeply sympathetic to minorities persecuted in the last century...A comprehensive and deeply humane work of history.”
Washington Monthly

“[A] sweeping new book.”
Washingtonian

Secret City is a groundbreaking piece of archival research and lucid exposition. This book deserves to be placed alongside Chauncey’s Gay New York and Shilts’ And the Band Played On as a seminal exploration of an essential American history.”
―Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

“D.C.’s latest must-read.”
―Axios

“Densely detailed, panoramic, and eye-opening.”
―PopMatters

“Grand in scope and always absorbing.”
―New York Journal of Books

Secret City is itself full of high-grade gossip, and I mean that as a compliment. But Kirchick is up to serious business as well...This broad sweep should make this book the standard on its subject.”
Reason

“…Fascinating and well-researched…an enlightening read, not a dark and angry one, and its full of witty character studies and fun, gossipy details. Ultimately,
Secret City is one of the most purely entertaining political books we’ve ever read.”
―Apple Books

“Kirchick distills a massive research effort into a powerful shot of consciousness-raising revelation.”
Passport Magazine

“A riveting and sober look at American history.”
―Arlington Magazine

“Kirchick’s history is
an inspiring and overdue tribute to the brave individuals who fought for acceptance in a city and government long pitted against them.
Booklist (starred review)

“In
Secret City, James Kirchick has written a delicious page-turner that’s also an important and masterly work of American history.”
―Commentary

“In this absorbing and well-documented book, Kirchick engagingly draws attention to a variety of gay histories that have been largely lost to mainstream history. Ambitious and convincing...the book offers countless illuminating stories that have been grossly underserved in past political histories. An important addition to American history.”
Kirkus

“Ambitious....a valuable and often fascinating revision of U.S. political history.”
Publishers Weekly

“I've waited to read this book my whole adult life.”
―Andrew Sullivan

Scrupulously researched and novelistic in style, Secret City is an extraordinary achievement. In this spellbinding journey from the New Deal to the end of the Cold War, James Kirchick draws us into the demimonde of Gay Washington: a dangerous world swirling with informers, scandal sheets, blacklists, clandestine networks, and brave fighters for equality. Shedding new light on figures we thought we knew, he introduces us to compelling individuals we will never forget. Not since Robert Caro’s Years of Lyndon Johnson have I been so riveted by a work of history. Secret City is not gay history. It is American history.”
―George Stephanopoulos

"In
Secret City, James Kirchick tells a Washington DC Cold War story that few have heard: How the political obsession with secrecy together with the fear of communist influence distorted perceptions not only of gay people, but of reality itself. Weaving together political, social and cultural history, Secret City offers an unexpected corrective to the historical record.
―Anne Applebaum, Pulitzer Prize–winning author of Gulag and Iron Curtain

“A remarkable, hugely impressive accomplishment ― exhaustively researched, skillfully told, erudite, heartfelt ― that speaks not only to the impact of double lives on our nation’s life but also to the individual toll of veiling your soul. It makes me sad. But more than that, it makes me grateful, for all that has changed since those days of lies and whispers.”
Frank Bruni, contributing opinion writer, The New York Times

Kirchick takes us from the FDR administration to Bill Clinton with a thoroughness and eye for detail that astonish. Lovers of Washington lore will enjoy the depiction of gay life in the nation's capital when it was entirely underground, and lovers of justice will take pleasure in the fact that some of the most repulsive characters in modern political history who ruined so many lives and careers are brought to justice in the only way they can be now: the historical record.”
Andrew Holleran, author of Dancer from the Dance

“Now and then a new book about American politics comes along for which 'revelation' seems too tame a word, so profoundly does it alter our understanding of almost everything we thought we knew. James Kirchick’s remarkable history of the 'secret' life of Washington is just such a book--a triumph of investigation and story-telling.”
―Sam Tanenhaus, author of Whittaker Chambers: A Biography and former editor of the New York Times Book Review

Secret City is a sweeping, grand look at what once was forced to be hidden. In his deeply researched narrative, Kirchick has restored men and women lost to history due to their sexuality, and in doing so he shines a new light on our understanding of politics and government. Evoking memories of And the Band Played On, this look at the 'secret city' makes our history clear.”
John A. Farrell, author of Richard Nixon: The Life

“Kirchick has written a mesmerizing and moving account of gay proximity to power, and the shocking resistance to it, in America's capital city long before the modern gay-rights movement began. Thanks to Kirchick, this important history will be overlooked no more.”
―Dale Carpenter, author of Flagrant Conduct: The Story of Lawrence v. Texas

About the Author

James Kirchick has written about human rights, politics, and culture from around the world. A columnist for Tablet magazine, a writer at large for Air Mail, and a nonresident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, he is the author of The End of Europe: Dictators, Demagogues, and the Coming Dark Age. Kirchick’s work has appeared in the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, the Atlantic, the New York Review of Books, and the Times Literary Supplement. A graduate of Yale with degrees in history and political science, he resides in Washington, DC.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Henry Holt and Co. (May 31, 2022)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 848 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1627792325
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1627792325
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 10.6 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.65 x 1.85 x 9.6 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 585 ratings

About the author

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James Kirchick
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James Kirchick is a columnist for Tablet magazine, a writer at large for Air Mail, and the author of Secret City: The Hidden History of Gay Washington. A widely published journalist, he has written for the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, the Los Angeles Times, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, the Spectator, the Atlantic, the New York Review of Books, and the Times Literary Supplement, among many other publications. His first book, “The End of Europe: Dictators, Demagogues and the Coming Dark Age,” was published by Yale University Press in 2017.

Kirchick is presently a Nonresident Senior Fellow for the Europe Center at the Atlantic Council. From 2017 to 2021, he was a visiting fellow at the Center on the United States and Europe and Project on International Order and Strategy at the Brookings Institution. Prior to Brookings, he was a fellow at the Foreign Policy Initiative in Washington, DC, and a Robert Bosch Foundation fellow in Berlin. In 2010, he became writer-at-large for Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty in Prague, where he covered the politics and cultures of the twenty-one countries in the news company’s broadcast region. He covered major events including the First Libyan Civil War, a fraudulent presidential election in Belarus, and revolution and ethnic clashes in Kyrgyzstan.

Kirchick began his professional journalism career at The New Republic, where he covered domestic politics, lobbying, intelligence, and American foreign policy. Recognized for his voice on American gay politics and international gay rights, he is a recipient of the National Lesbian and Gay Journalists Association’s Journalist of the Year Award. He is a professional member of the PEN American Center.

Customer reviews

4.6 out of 5 stars
4.6 out of 5
585 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on April 6, 2024
600 pages small print, but worth every word
Reviewed in the United States on February 11, 2024
Easily one of the best books I’ve read in many a year. Covering eleven administrations from FDR to Bill Clinton from 1925 to 1995, “the story of the secret city,” summarizes the author, “…mirrors that of the country as well.” Among the events examined are HUAC, the Lavendar Scare, Don’t Ask Don’t Tell, the AIDS Pandemic, the death of Rock Hudson, the simultaneous fawning and indifference of the Reagans…these stories are by turns fascinating, tragic, instructive, apocryphal, compelling. The research is exhaustive, the prose easily readable. Recommended. An important achievement by James Kirchick.
Reviewed in the United States on September 21, 2022
All I can say is "wow, I didn't know that."
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Reviewed in the United States on September 21, 2023
As a 70 ish gay man, I was fascinated with the historical background of his stories. Being "gay" has been "unspoken." For so many people. It was undoubtedly true in many of the eras covered in the book. The book has such an appropriate title—secret, hidden history. I would add a word like hypocrisy. I recognized so many of the names in his account and made ready connections to the characters I had yet to learn about in my lifetime. As I read it, I frequently said to myself, "If, only........". The detail of his research and the way he supports his content gives me pause to consider the corruption of these hidden histories. The stories reveal much about a culture of repression. Having lived through the Reagan years while raising infants, I marvel at how much extensive damage he and Nancy did during their years of betrayal to their friends and colleagues who had helped them to get to their DC position.....plus knowing that so many were dying when they could have done more to be advocates and not adversaries. Politics and political life hinder progress so extensively. Not only Reagan....but so many other leaders and people in "positions" restricted the progress and health of gay people and society. This book speaks the truth. It is a vital resource for all those who have worked in government and those now working in political environments in DC and across the country.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 26, 2023
First, let it be said that Kirchick is a terrific researcher and writer. I learned so much about the "secret city," coexisting and sometimes intersecting with "open" or "aboveground" Washington DC. For instance, I did not know that the Zephyr Restaurant and Bar, a favorite hangout of my student days, was the site of a brawl/mini-riot in November 1970 when it was invaded by members of the Gay Liberation Front and Black Panthers. Wonder if any survivors of the brawl on either side are alive to tell their story.

Second, Kirchick's account of the Reagan years, the most extensive section in the book, is a brilliant takedown of that "low, dishonest decade" (apologies to Auden). The massive hypocrisy--an administration abundantly stocked with closeted gay staffers denying the existence of AIDS, and coke-sniffing Reaganites celebrating "just-say-no" Ronnie and Nancy at the 1984 convention in Houston--is mind-boggling. Kirchick deftly paints the picture for us without overt editorializing. One of his throwaway lines: describing the Top Gun movie as a "promotional film for defense spending and hawkish foreign policy propelled by male bodies and disco music."

Third, in the section on the George H.W. Bush years, Kirchick resurrects from obscurity Craig Spence, bringing dignity to the life of a Gatsby wannabe that, if depicted by someone less sympathetic, could appear merely pathetic.

To repeat, Kirchick is a helluva writer.
9 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on March 1, 2024
Well written, throughly researched, great fun to read. Highly recommended.
Reviewed in the United States on July 19, 2023
I've read a few histories of gay Washington but none as meticulously researched and as deep-diving at Secret City. It feels as if it's as complete a history as we might ever get of the hidden homosexual world of the city which was so intertwined with the politics of the city because so many of the people who lived their lives in the shadows (or entirely in the dark) took their secrets with them to their graves.

At any rate, the book is beyond fascinating. The writing is alive and continually moves forward, never coming across as dry or droning as some non-fiction books can. I loved the fact that the author segmented the book along the lines of each presidential administration, framing each era under the umbrella of the man and the party both of which drove the culture and the policy of the city and the country.

Excellent book and a must-read for any political historian.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 22, 2022
This was not an "easy read" for me. It is a well-researched book but reads like a textbook. The hardcover book is 650 pages with an additional nearly 200 pages of index, credits, and notes. It is full of peoples' names and titles which I found challenging to follow. Given that, it is an important book that documents the history of and the role of largely closeted gay people in Washington D.C. For me, I would have probably been more satisfied if I had purchased a summary of the book.
One person found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

Joseph Myren
5.0 out of 5 stars AWESOME
Reviewed in Canada on June 30, 2022
AWESOME
NH
5.0 out of 5 stars God Help America
Reviewed in Australia on August 25, 2023
Absolutely stunning reading. Paranoid America in a bottle.

The number of men to a lesser extent women who lost their professional lives and social lives and in one case, his life is truly shocking. These were superbly capable people who were ousted simply because of their homosexuality as they were perceived as national security risks. There were no examples of this during the period of this book. Communists were more welcome than gays.

The US government was rife with persecution, which is what this was, corruption, lies, coercion and blackmail.

The book is sometimes a little heavy going as there are lots of names and committees to keep track of, which is unavailable in a work such as this, but is well worth it.

The sad part now of course, is that America seems to be going down the same path now with its new found discrimination and persecution again of the modern gay community.

Can't help but refer back to the situation in 1930s Europe and what that led to. L
brendan berne
5.0 out of 5 stars wonderfully moving
Reviewed in Australia on February 20, 2023
Dazzling research and scholarship mixed with wit and poignancy. I only wish it travelled into the 21st century in its enquiry, hélas.