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The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom Paperback – December 1, 2006

4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 4,908 ratings

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The author of the #1 New York Times bestseller The Anxious Generation shows how a deeper understanding of the world's philosophical wisdom can enrich and transform our lives

The Happiness Hypothesis is a book about ten Great Ideas. Each chapter is an attempt to savor one idea that has been discovered by several of the world's civilizations—to question it in light of what we now know from scientific research, and to extract from it the lessons that still apply to our modern lives and illuminate the causes of human flourishing. Award-winning psychologist Jonathan Haidt shows how a deeper understanding of the world's philosophical wisdom and its enduring maxims—like "do unto others as you would have others do unto you," or "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger"—can enrich and transform our lives.
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"The Happiness Hypothesis is a wonderful and nuanced book that provides deep insight into the some of the most important questions in life -- Why are we here? What kind of life should we lead? What paths lead to happiness? From the ancient philosophers to cutting edge scientists, Haidt weaves a tapestry of the best and the brightest. His highly original work on elevation and awe -- two long-neglected emotions -- adds a new weave to that tapestry. A truly inspiring book."

David M. Buss, author of The Evolution of Desire

"In this beautifully written book, Jonathan Haidt shows us the deep connection that exists between cutting-edge psychological research and the wisdom of the ancients. It is inspiring to see how much modern psychology informs life's most central and persistent questions."

Barry Schwartz, author of The Paradox of Choice

"In our quest for happiness, we must find a balance between modern science and ancient wisdom, between East and West, and between 'left brain' and 'right brain.' Haidt has struck that balance perfectly, and in doing so has given us the most brilliant and lucid analysis of virtue and well-being in the entire literature of positive psychology. For the reader who seeks to understand happiness, my advice is: Begin with Haidt."

Martin E.P. Seligman, Director, Positive Psychology Center at the University of Pennsylvania and author of Authentic Happiness

"Haidt is a fine guide on this journey between past and present, discussing the current complexities of psychological theory with clarity and humor. . . Haidt's is an open-minded, robust look at philosophy, psychological fact and spiritual mystery, of scientific rationalism and the unknowable ephemeral -- an honest inquiry that concludes that the best life is, perhaps, one lived in the balance of opposites." 

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About the Author

Jonathan Haidt is the Thomas Cooley Professor of Ethical Leadership at New York University's Stern School of Business. He is a social psychologist whose research examines morality and the moral emotions. He is the author of three New York Times bestsellers: The Righteous Mind, The Coddling of the American Mind, and, most recently, The Anxious Generation: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood Is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness. He lives in New York.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Basic Books; 1st edition (December 1, 2006)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 320 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0465028020
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0465028023
  • Reading age ‏ : ‎ 13 years and up
  • Grade level ‏ : ‎ 11 and up
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 13.8 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6 x 1.2 x 9 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 4,908 ratings

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Jonathan Haidt
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Jonathan Haidt is the Thomas Cooley Professor of Ethical Leadership at New York University's Stern School of Business. He received his Ph.D. in social psychology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1992 and then did post-doctoral research at the University of Chicago and in Orissa, India. He taught at the University of Virginia for 16 years before moving to NYU-Stern in 2011. He was named one of the "top global thinkers" by Foreign Policy magazine, and one of the "top world thinkers" by Prospect magazine.

His research focuses on morality - its emotional foundations, cultural variations, and developmental course. He began his career studying the negative moral emotions, such as disgust, shame, and vengeance, but then moved on to the understudied positive moral emotions, such as admiration, awe, and moral elevation. He is the co-developer of Moral Foundations theory, and of the research site YourMorals.org. He is a co-founder of HeterodoxAcademy.org, which advocates for viewpoint diversity in higher education. He uses his research to help people understand and respect the moral motives of their enemies (see CivilPolitics.org, and see his TED talks). He is the author of The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom; The Righteous Mind: Why Good People are Divided by Politics and Religion; and (with Greg Lukianoff) The Coddling of the American Mind: How good intentions and bad ideas are setting a generation up for failure. For more information see www.JonathanHaidt.com.

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4.6 out of 5 stars
4,908 global ratings

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Customers say

Customers find the book provides insightful and practical insights into themselves and groups. They describe it as an engaging and enjoyable read with well-written prose and a conversational style. Readers appreciate the profound and emotional content that connects the concepts. The visual style is described as rich in imagery, metaphors, and paradoxes.

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338 customers mention "Insight"313 positive25 negative

Customers find the book provides insightful and practical insights into themselves and groups. It combines scientific, religious, and ancient ideas to explain how human nature works. The author's clear intellect and erudition make it an accessible rendering of Positive Psychology.

"I came to this book from Haidt’s wonderful study, THE RIGHTEOUS MIND, which I highly recommend...." Read more

"...In addition to opening new vistas and providing food for thought over a host of topics, evolutionary psychology in Haidt’s hands helps support time..." Read more

"...He explores the benefits of spirituality, religion, and transcendence, noting that “anyone who wants a full, cross-level account of human nature,..." Read more

"...Meditation and cognitive therapy can reduce depression and anxiety by training patients to catch and reframe distorted, exaggerated thoughts...." Read more

281 customers mention "Readability"281 positive0 negative

Customers find the book engaging and useful. They appreciate the superb content and coverage of the subject matter. Readers mention it's riveting, involving, and has a lasting impact on them.

"...and a little less certain in its conclusions but it is still a wonderful read and an insightful study...." Read more

"...Haidt’s book was a pleasure to read, and has spurred my interest regarding many authors and texts he weaves into his argument...." Read more

"...To summarize my review: "The Happiness Hypothesis" is well worth reading, with the caveat that parts of chapter 2 are inaccurate, misleading, and..." Read more

"...and strong emotional components” like eating great food, watching great movies, and having great sex...." Read more

149 customers mention "Writing quality"126 positive23 negative

Customers find the book's writing quality excellent. They describe it as well-written, informative, and easy to read. The prose is conversational and fair to both sides. The structure of the book is excellent, with each chapter building upon the previous one. The author writes as a person, not an impersonal analyst of the human condition, and the writing is jargon-free.

"...The writing is lucid and straightforward, jargon-free and not disrupted by endless annotation, charts, graphs and statistics...." Read more

"...Let me just point out that Haidt is a very talented writer - "The Happiness Hypothesis" reads more like an engrossing novel than like a science book..." Read more

"...The structure of the book is excellent—each chapter builds upon the previous one, creating a logical progression that connects philosophical..." Read more

"...manages to pack this much insight into an accessible, personable, witty, thoroughly modern book is a marvel...." Read more

32 customers mention "Happiness"28 positive4 negative

Customers find the book profound and interesting. They say it provides an emotional and intellectual fulfillment with good connective thoughts. Readers appreciate the spiritual connection and sense of purpose that lead to happiness. The book is described as engrossing, providing a sense of spiritual connection and meaning.

"...Pleasures are “delights that have clear sensory and strong emotional components” like eating great food, watching great movies, and having great sex...." Read more

"...It is a pleasant bodily feeling, an emotional fulfillment and an intellectual satisfaction. It is also more than that...." Read more

"...chanting can lead to mystical experiences, which provide a sense of spiritual connection that leads to happiness. -..." Read more

"...to think about this concept of happiness it is, yet very simple, very profound...." Read more

21 customers mention "Thought provoking"21 positive0 negative

Customers find the book thought-provoking and interesting. They describe it as provocative, insightful, and well-written in a lively style.

"...It’s a fascinating, well-organized exploration of what makes life meaningful and how we can apply timeless wisdom to find happiness today." Read more

"...The broad tapestry Jonathon weaves together is fascinating, colorful, and often insightful. Other times it gets disjointed and confusing...." Read more

"...It covers a lot of topics and is fairly well written and interesting...." Read more

"...They are both compelling, interesting and truly valuable. I first learned of Haidt through an interview with Bill Moyers." Read more

14 customers mention "Visual style"14 positive0 negative

Customers enjoy the visual style of the book. They find it rich in imagery, metaphors, and paradoxes. The insights are beautiful and transformative. The author's style is accessible and engaging, making complex ideas easy to understand. The book provides a comprehensive picture and illuminates the visions, hopes, and aspirations of the author.

"...jargon-free and not disrupted by endless annotation, charts, graphs and statistics...." Read more

"...Haidt’s style is engaging and accessible, making complex ideas easy to understand while maintaining intellectual depth...." Read more

".../professor at the University of Virginia and this book is an incredible look at ten “Great Ideas” from ancient wisdom that he brilliantly analyzes..." Read more

"...The broad tapestry Jonathon weaves together is fascinating, colorful, and often insightful. Other times it gets disjointed and confusing...." Read more

12 customers mention "Metaphor"9 positive3 negative

Customers appreciate the author's metaphor of an elephant and rider. They find it an easy analogy to understand and rich in imagery.

"...illustrates with storied best: his metaphor of elephant and the rider to describe how much our unconscious and emotional processes impact our..." Read more

"...I appreciate that rider and elephant metaphor...." Read more

"...I thought, well, I'll see what he says. Well, the author put too much politics for me to continue...." Read more

"...His rider+elephant metaphor is a simple, but effective method of explaining a tremendous amount of human behavior, and it is relevant not only to..." Read more

29 customers mention "Pacing"13 positive16 negative

Customers have different views on the book's pacing. Some find it well-paced and engaging, while others feel it lacks substance and new ideas. The early chapters are described as fantastic.

"...His best book by far. to note: fairly intellectual and dry but definitely readable for an educated reader." Read more

"The early chapters are fantastic! I really like the way he covers confabulation bias, its one of the best ways I’ve seen it described...." Read more

"...3MB, while the largest novel come in at just over 500K. It makes loading slow...." Read more

"...Haidt's perspective is refreshing because it is both balanced and timeless: he highlights the ways in which modern research is validating ancient..." Read more

Happiness =  Setpoint + Conditions + Voluntary Activities
5 out of 5 stars
Happiness = Setpoint + Conditions + Voluntary Activities
Scholars throughout history have written about happiness: What does a happy life look like? How do we achieve it? Should we be trying to? Obviously, there are no objective answers to these questions, we must all answer them for ourselves. Luckily for those of us living in the 21st century, we have science to help. In this book on happiness, our author Jonathan Haidt (professor of social psychology) combines ancient wisdom and modern social science to help point us in the right direction.One of the most important ideas developed by modern psychology is what is called the “happiness hypothesis,” and it is an equation that looks like this: Happiness = Setpoint + Conditions + Voluntary Activities.Our Setpoint is where we start, genetically. It turns out that “happiness is one of the most heritable aspects of personality. Twin studies generally show that from 50 percent to 80 percent of all the variance among people in their average levels of happiness can be explained by differences in their genes rather than in their life experiences.” This is an astounding revelation. The same way that recent research has diagnosed certain types of depression as genetically inherited, so are certain types of happiness.The Conditions of happiness are about love and work. “We are ultra-social creatures, and we can’t be happy without having friends and secure attachments to other people.” We need loving relationships that make us feel valued. We must also have and pursue the right goals in life “in order to create states of flow and engagement.” Basically, we have to feel a sense of meaning in relationship to others and also to what we spend the bulk of our time doing—hopefully something that contributes to society in what we deem to be a meaningful way. The more loving connections with others we sustain, and the more meaningful we feel as though our work is and our contributions are, the happier we will find ourselves.Voluntary Activities are also broken down into two categories: pleasures and gratifications. Pleasures are “delights that have clear sensory and strong emotional components” like eating great food, watching great movies, and having great sex. Gratifications are “activities that engage you fully, draw on your strengths, and allow you to lose self-consciousness.” Examples include singing in a choir or having an intense conversation with a friend. They can also be solo activities, like painting, writing, or photography, and are defined by the feeling of ‘flow,’ or total immersion in an activity.In addition to modern scientific studies, this book also has a collection of ancient wisdom woven in with it. Haidt touches on the similar beliefs of Stoicism and Buddhism which both say that “striving for external goods, or to make the world conform to your wishes, is always a striving after wind,” and that we are better served by breaking attachments to external things and cultivating an attitude of acceptance. He espouses the importance of living a virtuous life and examines the way the Ancient Greeks “focused on the character of a person and asked what kind of person we should each aim to become,” while modern ethics “focuses on actions, asking when a particular action is right or wrong.” He explores the benefits of spirituality, religion, and transcendence, noting that “anyone who wants a full, cross-level account of human nature, and of how human beings find purpose and meaning in their lives,” must recognize that connecting with something larger than the self is an important element in all cultures.Ultimately, happiness is not something that we can find, acquire, or achieve directly; we “have to get the conditions right and then wait.” Some conditions are within us, our Setpoint. Other Conditions require relationships to things beyond ourselves: Just as plants need sun, water, and good soil to thrive, people need love, work, and a connection to something larger. “If you get these relationships right, a sense of purpose and meaning will emerge,” he writes. Finally, combining these with our Voluntary Activities (how we spend our remaining time) will give us the proper recipe for a happy life: Happiness = Setpoint + Conditions + Voluntary Activities.
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Top reviews from the United States

  • Reviewed in the United States on January 4, 2018
    I came to this book from Haidt’s wonderful study, THE RIGHTEOUS MIND, which I highly recommend. Given the subject, this book is a bit more diffuse and a little less certain in its conclusions but it is still a wonderful read and an insightful study. It is also a ‘big’ book, i.e. a book that tackles an extremely important subject.

    I would note, first and foremost, that this is a scholarly book accessible to a wide audience. The writing is lucid and straightforward, jargon-free and not disrupted by endless annotation, charts, graphs and statistics. Most important, perhaps, is its attempt to bring together both psychological science and the humanities. On one page you might receive a report of a study in neuroscience utilizing fMRI technology, on the next the thoughts of Epictetus or Epicurus. While it has often been said that Freud learned as much from literature as from science, that pattern of investigation is now very rare. The ‘psychological sciences’ are now very distinct from the humanities and their work is heavily-funded, empirical science. They associate themselves with the biomedical sciences far more than with the departments of Philosophy or, e.g., Religious Studies. Nevertheless, the literature of reason, wisdom and faith has much to say of, e.g., human happiness and it is to JH’s considerable credit that he measures that literature against the (always tentative) conclusions of modern psychological science. Is Plato’s sense of the divided self a good metaphor for human nature and behavior? Is it true that what doesn’t kill us makes us stronger, as Nietzsche argued? How should we look at Emerson’s transcendentalism in light of the common human desire for such experience?

    Given the fact that the subject is so vast—the nature of man, the nature of man’s quest for happiness, the very nature of ‘happiness’ and the strategies for achieving it—the conclusions are complex. Nevertheless, they can be summarized briefly.

    As in THE RIGHTEOUS MIND, JH adopts a Humean model in which the Reason is, ultimately, the slave of the passions. Our lives consist of a multiplicity of experiences that rumble about in our consciousness and direct our ‘automatic’ responses to concrete situations. Joshua Reynolds talked about this phenomenon under the rubric of ‘intuition’. Intuition is not a simple, largely-unwarranted gut reaction; it is the sum total of millions of experiences summoned instantly to respond to a current situation. I am standing beside a highway or a city street. Cars are passing by at various rates of speed. I want to get to the other side of the street, quickly, efficiently and safely. I make instant mental calculations and act . . . . Reason, on the other hand, is something that we utilize when we are pressed to find an argument for an intellectual position. It is, in part, a rhetorical device: how can I outwit and defeat my opponent in the most clever and efficacious fashion? JH takes these phenomena and constructs the ongoing metaphor of a man riding an elephant. The elephant is the sum total of the work of the ‘passions’. He is experience, intuitions, inclinations, and so on. The rider is the Reason. He attempts to control the elephant but that process is complex and sometimes arduous. As we are, in a sense, ‘divided’, so is our world and our experience. So are our bodies. The trick is to put all of this together (with a little luck; being in the right place at the right time helps immeasurably). Here is JH’s conclusion:

    “We were shaped by individual selection to be selfish creatures who struggle for resources, pleasure, and prestige, and we were shaped by group selection to be hive creatures who need love and attachments, and we are industrious creatures with needs for effectance, able to enter a state of vital engagement with our work. We are the rider and we are the elephant, and our mental health depends on the two working together, each drawing on the others’ strengths. . . . . Happiness is not something that you can find, acquire, or achieve directly. You have to get the conditions right and then wait. . . . Just as plants need sun, water, and good soil to thrive, people need love, work, and a connection to something larger. It is worth striving to get the right relationships between yourself and others, between yourself and your work, and between yourself and something larger than yourself” (pp. 238-39).

    Bottom line: a lovely book that all should read, absorb and enjoy.
    44 people found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on January 22, 2017
    Jonathan Haidt is a thinker who seeks harmony where possible, and his book The Happiness Hypothesis strives to achieve a fruitful balance between ancient wisdom and modern science, between East and West, and between liberalism and conservatism.

    The overriding metaphor of the book involves portraying the mind as as an elephant and its rider, which Haidt uses to explore the insights of evolutionary psychology. Crucial here is the distinction between automatic and controlled processes. The rider represents rationality (a controlled process), which has evolved to serve the elephant, which represents everything else (automatic processing such as intuitions, instincts and visceral reactions.) The rider and elephant work best when they work together, and the rider can influence the elephant, but the rider is not in charge, and Haidt elaborates how and why the interaction between rider and elephant is often dysfunctional. Though the notion that the mind is divided is hardly novel, Haidt provides a thought provoking, scientifically updated and defensible interpretation of this point of view.

    Haidt views the notion that “there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so” as the root of much ancient wisdom. Haidt sees this Stoic and Eastern quest for serenity through acceptance as having beneficial aspects, but considers it as only part of the happiness equation. And to the extent that this quest is important, a particular criticism of the Western sages is that their valorization of reasoned insight as a freedom producing tool does not accord with our modern understanding of the mind. Though I’m sure Haidt would not dissuade a reader from tackling Marcus Aurelius or Boethius, he prefers cognitive behavioral therapy as a scientifically updated version of Boethius-like cognitive reframing activities that takes account of the powerful Elephant and its tendency-as seen through our evolved negativity bias-to be be pessimistic. As Haidt puts it: “Cognitive therapy works because it teaches the rider how to train the elephant rather than how to defeat it directly in an argument.” Haidt is also a big fan of meditation, an ancient practice that tames and calms the elephant directly. Haidt also is a supporter of SSRI’s like Prozac, and thinks that since our affective style-which reflects the balance of power between our approach and withdrawal systems-turns out to be largely genetically determined (though meditation and cognitive therapy shows there is obviously some room for self-improvement), SSRI’s can benefit some losers of the “cortical lottery” who otherwise might have very limited prospects for relief from depression, anxiety and the like.

    Haidt points out that group life is enabled to a great degree by reciprocal “tit for tat” strategizing, and says such behavior is absolutely critical for personal happiness. However, there are problematic complications. Seeming to be a good team player is more practically important than the reality, and persuading others of our good intentions works better when we are convinced of these intentions ourselves regardless of the facts. Haidt notes “we are well-armed for battle in a Machiavellian world of reputation manipulation, and one of our most important weapons is the delusion that we are non-combatants.” This applies both to persons as individuals and to persons to the extent they identify as members of groups. Haidt explores concepts like the inner lawyer, the rose-colored mirror, naive realism, and the myth of pure evil to argue that we have come equipped with evolved cognitive processes that predispose us to hypocrisy, self-righteousness, and moralistic conflict. Haidt also thinks evolutionary pressures have certainly contributed to often joyless “rat race” pursuits and their accompanying worries: “the elephant cares about prestige, not happiness.”

    Pursuing happiness necessitates becoming aware of and dissatisfied with the various self-promoting games we all tend to play-see his discussion regarding the progress and adaptation principles and the resulting weak relationship between environment and happiness-and striking out in a new direction. Haidt thinks that adversity is crucial for helping people to reassess and make meaningful alterations in their lives, and to develop greater coherence across what he takes to be the three levels of personality (basic traits, characteristic adaptations, and life story), all of which promotes human flourishing. He talks a lot about post traumatic growth-and he thinks that this insight if taken seriously has profound implications for how we structure our society and our lives. Haidt acknowledges, though, that one can experience too much adversity, and that it can strike at unhelpful stages in life. He thinks that adversity tends to be most profitable if experienced when one is in his/her 20’s. Though Haidt doesn’t mention it in his book, an obvious application here applies to college campuses. Haidt is a well known defender of free speech at the University level who laments the stultifying effects of PC orthodoxy on intellectual inquiry; if he is right about the 20’s being the best time to experience post-traumatic growth, than one could also criticize PC “snowflake culture” on the contemporary college campus as a factor inhibiting personal development because of excessive sheltering.

    Haidt provides a Happiness equation, H=S+C+V, where S stands for the biological set point (the affective style, which can be altered to a degree), C stands for conditions (some of which are inalterable and others which can be changed), and V stands for voluntary activities. A stoic or an Eastern sage would define the happiness equation as merely H=S+V, with the voluntary activities in question being those that promote serene acceptance, thereby improving S. Haidt builds on this beginning, however, insisting that yes, there are conditions and other voluntary activities that matter. Meaningful relationships are important for Haidt, and by exploring attachment theory, he particularly argues for companionate love as a condition that definitely bolsters happiness. And utilizing the scholarship of Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi, he points to activities that promote “flow” as part of the happiness equation as well. Summing up, if what one might call “the wisdom of the East” taught that happiness was to be found within, Haidt says that it is to be found within and without, though we need to be very discerning about where to look for it outside ourselves.

    Haidt refines his outlook on happiness even further. We can find love in relationships and strive to find flow-ideally in our work-but Haidt goes further by speaking of “vital engagement,” a relationship to the world that is characterized both by experiences of flow and by meaning. Haidt’s vital engagement prioritizes journey over destination, an outlook that accords well with what he has to say about the effectance motive and the related progress principle. For Haidt, vital engagement is another way of saying that work has become love made visible. Haidt’s revised outlook on happiness is that it “comes from between;” since vital engagement exists in the relationship between the person and the environment, this right relationship is not entirely up to the individual.

    Accordingly, Haidt emphasizes the importance of cross-level coherence between the physical, psychological, and sociocultural realms for creating a sense of meaning conducive to happiness. The liberal atheist Haidt-he has since started calling himself a political centrist- thus appreciates conservative, durkheimian insights into the importance of “community” for human flourishing, views the “character” approach to ethics as superior to the long dominant rationalist “quandry” approach, sees virtuous behavior as conducive to happiness, conceives of the perception of the “divine” as natural to man and as ennobling, regardless of whether or not God actually exists, and writes appreciatively of the work of David Sloan Wilson regarding religion as a evolutionary group adaptation designed to promote cross-level coherence. Haidt thinks the scientific community should accept religiosity as a normal and healthy aspect of human nature, and that maybe non-religious people can learn something from religious people, whether or not they believe in God.

    Haidt’s book was a pleasure to read, and has spurred my interest regarding many authors and texts he weaves into his argument. In addition to opening new vistas and providing food for thought over a host of topics, evolutionary psychology in Haidt’s hands helps support time honored components of the “good life” such as family, vocational calling, faith, and community. And his own academic career strikes me as an example of the vital engagement he valorizes.

    This book is definitely worth a read.
    139 people found this helpful
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  • Andrea C.
    5.0 out of 5 stars A must read
    Reviewed in Germany on January 25, 2023
    Debunk your assumptions and enjoy!!!
  • ralunicol
    5.0 out of 5 stars j'ai beaucoup aimé
    Reviewed in France on August 5, 2022
    J'ai tellement aimé la pédagogie exceptionnelle de Haidt, que à peine fini le livre je l'ai recommencé ,plus lentement ,sans hâte ,appréciant encore mieux la lumière des ses idées..
  • Amazon Customer
    5.0 out of 5 stars A complete analysis of happiness
    Reviewed in India on November 18, 2023
    Loved the book so much that i read it 2 times and willing to read it again.
  • Ignacio Fernandez
    5.0 out of 5 stars Gran libro, con contenido muy bien explicado y que repasa las claves para llevar una buena vida
    Reviewed in Spain on January 28, 2022
    De lo mejor que he leído en 2021. Libro muy completo, bien explicado y que aún ciencia y filosofía para llevar una buena vida y encaminarse hacia la felicidad. Muy recomendable.
  • XIJU
    5.0 out of 5 stars Worth it
    Reviewed in Italy on April 8, 2021
    A great book of psychology. Worth to read. And also good paper quality and well printed.
    Customer image
    XIJU
    5.0 out of 5 stars Worth it
    Reviewed in Italy on April 8, 2021
    A great book of psychology. Worth to read. And also good paper quality and well printed.
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