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How We Think Paperback – July 10, 1997

by John Dewey (Author)
4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars 328 ratings
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One of America’s foremost philosophers, John Dewey (1859-1952) fought for civil and academic freedom, founded the Progressive School movement, and steadfastly promoted a scientific approach to intellectual development.
In How We Think, Dewey shares his views on the educator’s role in training students to think well. Basing his assertions on the belief that knowledge is strictly relative to human interaction with the world, he considers the need for thought training, its use of natural resources, and its place in school conditions; inductive and deductive reasoning, interpreting facts, and concrete and abstract thinking; the functions of activity, language, and observation in thought training; and many other subjects.
John Dewey’s influence on American education and philosophy is incalculable. This volume, as fresh and inspirational today as it was upon its initial publication a century ago, is essential for anyone active in the field of teaching or about to embark on a career in education.
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Previous page
  1. Print length
    240 pages
  2. Language
    English
  3. Publisher
    Dover Publications
  4. Publication date
    July 10, 1997
  5. Dimensions
    5.42 x 0.45 x 8.44 inches
  6. ISBN-10
    0486298957
  7. ISBN-13
    978-0486298955
  8. See all details
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Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Dover Publications; Revised ed. edition (July 10, 1997)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 240 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0486298957
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0486298955
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 9.2 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.42 x 0.45 x 8.44 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars 328 ratings

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John Dewey

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4.4 out of 5 stars
4.4 out of 5
328 global ratings

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AlbertJ
5.0 out of 5 stars Classical thinking for current view
Reviewed in the United States on June 11, 2023
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Even in current advanced knowledge, John Dewey's "How We Think" is still very important work to understand, especially for understanding the root of thinking knowledge and it's history. I would recommend this book for young persons as well.
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Olakunle Odetola
5.0 out of 5 stars Important Read
Reviewed in the United States on March 30, 2023
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A very important Read in Educational Philosophy and Psychology. How We Think needs to be read multiple times for it's depth.
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Mark Eckenrode
4.0 out of 5 stars How a Deweyan Pragmatist Thinks
Reviewed in the United States on March 5, 2015
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Written with the educator in mind, How We Think - published just over a century ago by philosopher, psychologist and educator John Dewey - offers philosophical guidance for teachers with an analysis of rational thought, scientific inquiry, the processes of inductive and deductive reasoning, the teacher-student relationship, and other topics. Dewey’s form of pragmatic philosophy guides this work; you’ll have to read elsewhere for a discussion of these presuppositions. But you do not have to agree with Dewey’s philosophy to profit from this work.

Dewey analyzes the various forms of thought, from sloppy, unreflective daydreaming to philosophically minded, critical thinking. He argues that the natural resources of the student should be taken account of, and school conditions must be adjusted to them. What school conditions should foster is the “scientific attitude of mind,” which is near to the “native and unspoiled attitude of childhood, marked by ardent curiosity, fertile imagination, and love of experimental inquiry.”

Critical, scientific thought, Dewey writes, involves a symbiotic relationship between observation and reasoning. The inductive and deductive processes are intertwined and rooted in experience. The nature of scientific meaning or conceptions is analyzed. Neither concrete nor abstract thought is superior: each serves the ends of the other - practical ends are blind without theory, and theorizing is empty without practical ends to serve. Scientific thinking attempts to rise above empirical thought by controlling our observations and seeking to master our environment, allowing the future to come under our grasp. Empirical thought is confined to what is; scientific thought attempts to extend beyond the bounds of sense and ask ‘what if?’ “The prime necessity for scientific thought,” writes Dewey, “is that the thinker be freed from the tyranny of sense stimuli and habit, and this emancipation is also the necessary condition of progress.”

Dewey views on logic and scientific induction are insightful. Being logical, in a special sense as viewed through Dewey’s pragmatism, denotes “the systematic care, negative and positive, taken to safeguard reflection so that it may yield the best results under the given conditions.” Use determines meaning here, as in the Pragmatist epistemology. The inductive and deductive processes exhibit a unity of contrasting processes. ”The inductive movement,” Dewey writes, “is toward of a binding principle; the deductive toward its testing - confirming, refuting, modifying it on the basis of its capacity to interpret isolated details into a unified experience. So far as we conduct each of these processes in the light of the other, we get valid discovery or verified critical thinking.”

Throughout this work Dewey perceives a unity of (what are perceived to be) opposites. Instead of occupying different realms, activities like theoretic and practical thinking, art and science, logic and psychology, and others each provide fuel for or grow out of the other. “The psychological and the logical,” Dewey writes, “instead of being opposed to each other (or even independent of each other), are connected as the earlier and the later stages in one continuous process of normal growth.”

The student's activities should be geared around fostering the scientific spirit. The information given to the student should be connected with the student's own observations and experience. Thought should be trained to base general principles on observation and use; the function and use of general principles determines their form. “Application,” Dewey writes, “is as much an intrinsic part of genuine reflective inquiry as is alert observation or reasoning itself. Truly general principles tend to apply themselves.” Work and play should fuel each other, forming a symbiotic relationship.

This is another great classic available for free on the web for e-readers (this review pertains to the free Kindle ebook version). Students of philosophy, psychology and educators have much to profit from this work.
11 people found this helpful
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Jorge F. Garcia
5.0 out of 5 stars Another Classic
Reviewed in the United States on April 24, 2013
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I don't even know how I came upon this book... now that I have, I don't know how went through 40 years without hearing of it. There may be a lot of new stuff out there on education... I doubt whether 99.9% of it can hold a candle up to this work. Every page is thought out and thought provoking (as you might expect from a book entitled "how we think")
10 people found this helpful
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Humberto Henriquez
5.0 out of 5 stars Un buen libro
Reviewed in the United States on July 3, 2021
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Un buen libro para los amantes de la Educación
2 people found this helpful
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Jaroslav Charouz
3.0 out of 5 stars I think it is good book. Not so much new ideas
Reviewed in the United States on April 22, 2017
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I think it is good book. Not so much new ideas, sometimes too much words not familiar to me. Still the voice of the author is peculiar and I like it. My interest to read this book was triggered by reading article of this author Free Thought and Official Propaganda, which is good to read as it reminds many important things relevant our todays life. Unfortunately this book (How We Think) is too wordy and not so much original thinking.
One person found this helpful
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cdm11
5.0 out of 5 stars tremendous views centered on educational philosophy
Reviewed in the United States on January 5, 2014
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Anyone with an interest in Dewey or education will thoroughly enjoy this book. Take the time to revisit Dewey's ideas and be prepared to recognize a lot of similarities with our world today.
One person found this helpful
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JoAnn Niemela
4.0 out of 5 stars how dull. BUT THEN I started getting interested in the ...
Reviewed in the United States on February 14, 2018
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I started reading this book and thought, how dull. BUT THEN I started getting interested in the way John Dewey analyzes the most obscure thinking practices and it gave me answers, not only to the way that I communicate, but how others also do. For instance I recognized that a close relative does not reason. He/she is accepting things as gospel when he/she should be delving deeper. So I am a third of the way through How we Think and really looking forward in finding out what comes next.
9 people found this helpful
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sergio arruda
1.0 out of 5 stars O produto é um engodo
Reviewed in Brazil on August 12, 2021
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O produto é falso. Não é a obra original de Dewey. Traz apenas trechos do livro de Dewey e ainda inclui o livro Tremendous Trifles de Chesterton (?). E mais ainda, inclui no inicio (praticamente 1/3 do produto) paginas que parecem uma agenda, ou algo do tipo. É lamentável que uma empresa de renome como a Amazon deixe passar um engodo desse.
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sergio arruda
1.0 out of 5 stars O produto é um engodo
Reviewed in Brazil on August 12, 2021
O produto é falso. Não é a obra original de Dewey. Traz apenas trechos do livro de Dewey e ainda inclui o livro Tremendous Trifles de Chesterton (?). E mais ainda, inclui no inicio (praticamente 1/3 do produto) paginas que parecem uma agenda, ou algo do tipo. É lamentável que uma empresa de renome como a Amazon deixe passar um engodo desse.
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One person found this helpful
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Sue pollard
5.0 out of 5 stars How we think
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on December 10, 2022
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This book explains Dewey’s theory into childhood educational development without over simplifying the theory.
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Love
Reviewed in India on September 17, 2019
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Lovely
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社会人教育アドバイザー
5.0 out of 5 stars 考えることの本格的な内容
Reviewed in Japan on July 26, 2020
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米国の哲学者、心理学者、教育者である巨人デューイの著作、なぜか日本では翻訳されていないのが不思議です。
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Amazon Kunde
4.0 out of 5 stars Es kommt ja auf den Inhalt an
Reviewed in Germany on August 19, 2018
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Schön aussehen und gut wirken tut das Buch ja nicht. Gepixeltes Cover und es stehen nicht mal Angaben drin wie Jahr des Drucks, also zum Zitieren nicht geeignet. Aber der Text, den ich lesen wollte, steht drin und zwar übersichtlich und fehlerfrei.
One person found this helpful
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